Prostate cancer, one of the most prevalent non-skin cancers in America, affects one in six men. In 2008, nearly two million Americans were being treated for prostate cancer; nearly 186,000 were newly diagnosed, and approximately 28,000 died from the disease.
Avraham Raz, professor of pathology and radiation oncology in the School of Medicine at Wayne State University and the Karmanos Cancer Institute, and his team of renowned research collaborators identified a cleaved form of galectin-3 as a marker for prostate cancer progression. According to the study published in the April 2009 issue of The American Journal of Pathology, previous research indicated that decreased levels of galectin-3 are linked with neoplastic progression in prostate cancer. However, increased levels of galectin-3 are believed to be associated with tumorigenicity in other tumor types.
The study found that cleaved galectin-3, an inheritable gene, is present in late-stage prostate cancer, and that by reducing levels of galectin-3, development of metastatic prostate cancer is inhibited. This finding suggests that galectin-3 may serve as both a diagnostic marker and therapeutic target for future prostate cancer treatments.
"Dr. Raz's brilliant research is leading us closer to discovering the genetic risk factors for developing not only prostate cancer, but other cancers as well," said Dr. Gloria Heppner, associate vice president for research at Wayne State. "His work at Wayne State and the Karmanos Cancer Institute is another example of the tremendous research we are doing to uncover the cause of this prevalent disease, which ultimately will lead to new treatments that will save lives."
Other School of Medicine researchers involved in this study include Drs. Yi Wang, Pratima Nangia-Makker, Vitaly Balan, Victor Hogan and Larry Tait. Dr. Kenneth J. Pienta of the departments of internal medicine and urology at the University of Michigan also collaborated in this study.
wayne
"We need more research on how clinicians can best respond to this large public health problem. The evidence we have reviewed on effectiveness of specific care after disclosure of abuse, particularly domestic violence advocacy, supports a case for the NHS commissioning specialist domestic violence services to which clinicians can refer women."
Professor Feder has recently been appointed an expert advisor to the World Health Organisation on the development of guidance on the health sector response to violence against women.
The report was authored by researchers at the University of Bristol, Queen Mary, University of London, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of Manchester and Deakin University, Australia.
How far does screening women for domestic (partner) violence in different health-care settings meet criteria for a screening programme? Systematic reviews of nine UK National Screening Committee criteria by G Feder, J Ramsay, D Dunne, M Rose, C Arsene, R Norman, S Kuntze, A Spencer, L Bacchus, G Hague, A Taket, and A Warburton. Health Technology Assessment 2009; Vol. 13.17
The debate over screening for domestic violence in health care settings has diverted attention away from the uncontroversial need to train doctors and nurses in asking patients about their experiences of abuse and in responding appropriately when women do disclose. This is largely neglected in undergraduate and postgraduate medical education.
Professor Gene Feder
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